{"id":2744,"date":"2026-06-18T07:54:03","date_gmt":"2026-06-18T07:54:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/?p=2744"},"modified":"2026-06-18T08:57:31","modified_gmt":"2026-06-18T08:57:31","slug":"iso-15118-ev-charger-explain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/ar\/blog\/iso-15118-ev-charger-explain\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is ISO 15118 Mean?  ISO 15118 EV Chargers Explain"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>ISO 15118<\/strong> solves one of the most important communication problems in EV charging: how the vehicle and the <strong>\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong> should talk to each other before, during, and in some cases after a charging session.<\/p>\n<p>Before charging starts, the EV and the charging equipment need to exchange information. They may need to identify the vehicle, confirm the communication protocol, check charging capabilities, establish a secure connection, and pass key data to the backend system.<\/p>\n<p>For everyday EV drivers, the result may be a smoother Plug &amp; Charge experience. For charging network operators, EVSE manufacturers, CSMS providers, automakers, and fleet operators, the impact is much broader. ISO 15118 affects security, interoperability, smart charging control, and the long-term path toward V2G.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">Quick Summary<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"#what-is-iso-15118\">ISO 15118 is the communication standard that allows an electric vehicle and charging equipment to exchange information in a secure, automated, and standardized way.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#how-plug-and-charge-works\">Its most visible feature is Plug &amp; Charge. When the driver plugs in, the vehicle can authenticate itself and receive authorization automatically, without scanning a QR code, tapping an RFID card, or opening an app.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#iso-15118-20-v2g\">ISO 15118-20 expands the standard for more advanced smart charging and bidirectional power transfer, making it an important foundation for V2G, V2H, and future energy management use cases.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#iso-15118-security\">For charge point operators and EVSE manufacturers, the challenge is not only the protocol itself. The real work is making the vehicle, charger, CSMS backend, certificate system, and service providers operate together.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#deploying-iso-15118\">When planning a charging network or EV charger product, ISO 15118 should be evaluated together with OCPP, PKI, smart charging, load management, and future V2G capabilities.<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"what-is-iso-15118\" class=\"anchor-target\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2754\" src=\"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/iso15118-product-scene-inarticle.webp\" alt=\"iso15118 ev charger scene\" width=\"800\" height=\"440\" \/><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">What Is ISO 15118?<\/h2>\n<p>ISO 15118 is a family of international standards for the vehicle-to-grid communication interface. In practical EV charging applications, it defines high-level communication between an electric vehicle and electric vehicle supply equipment.<\/p>\n<p>EVSE stands for Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment. In most commercial discussions, this refers to the charging station, charger, or charging equipment that supplies power to the vehicle.<\/p>\n<p>ISO 15118 is not a single document. It is a collection of related standards. The most commonly discussed parts include ISO 15118-1, ISO 15118-2, ISO 15118-3, and ISO 15118-20.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ISO 15118-1 defines general use cases and terminology.<\/li>\n<li>ISO 15118-2 defines first-generation network and application layer requirements. It is an important foundation for Plug &amp; Charge.<\/li>\n<li>ISO 15118-3 covers physical and data link layer requirements, commonly associated with HomePlug Green PHY communication.<\/li>\n<li>ISO 15118-20 defines second-generation network and application layer requirements. It supports more advanced smart charging and bidirectional power transfer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In simple terms, ISO 15118 allows the vehicle and charger to do more than transfer electricity. It gives them a structured, secure, and backend-connected way to exchange information.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">Why ISO 15118 Matters for EV Charging<\/h2>\n<p>Traditional EV charging often depends on external identification. A driver may need to open an app, scan a QR code, tap an RFID card, or manually start the charging session through a network account.<\/p>\n<p>These options work, but they do not always deliver the level of convenience drivers expect. A driver may need to download a new app, create an account, wait for a mobile signal, or troubleshoot a failed payment step before charging begins.<\/p>\n<p>For drivers, this is a usability problem. For operators, it affects customer retention, transaction success rates, and support workload.<\/p>\n<p>In recent years, ISO 15118 has also become more important in public funding programs, premium charging networks, and regulatory discussions around smart and interoperable charging. In Europe, AFIR is pushing charging infrastructure toward digitally connected and smart operation. In the United States, NEVI requirements and 23 CFR Part 680 have raised expectations for reliability, interoperability, and open communication standards in federally funded charging infrastructure.<\/p>\n<p>ISO 15118 is valuable because it allows the vehicle itself to become a trusted digital actor in the charging process. The EV is no longer just receiving power. It can identify itself, communicate charging needs, and participate in a more precise charging session.<\/p>\n<p>This has several practical effects:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Plug &amp; Charge can reduce manual steps. After the vehicle is plugged in, authentication and authorization can happen automatically.<\/li>\n<li>Smart charging becomes more precise. The vehicle and charger can exchange information about battery status, power limits, charging schedules, and charging demand.<\/li>\n<li>Security is strengthened. ISO 15118 uses encrypted communication and certificate-based trust mechanisms to reduce impersonation and transaction tampering risks.<\/li>\n<li>Future expansion becomes easier. Fleet charging, commercial charging sites, and V2G energy services all depend on reliable communication between vehicles and charging equipment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>From an operator\u2019s perspective, ISO 15118 is not only about driver convenience. It can also affect site availability, vehicle compatibility, backend system design, and long-term infrastructure planning.<\/p>\n<div id=\"how-plug-and-charge-works\" class=\"anchor-target\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">How Plug &amp; Charge Works<\/h2>\n<p>Plug &amp; Charge is the ISO 15118 feature most drivers are likely to notice.<\/p>\n<p>Without Plug &amp; Charge, drivers typically identify themselves through an app, QR code, RFID card, or payment card. Once the system confirms that the user is authorized, the charging session begins.<\/p>\n<p>With Plug &amp; Charge, more of that authentication process happens automatically between the vehicle and the charging system.<\/p>\n<p>The vehicle stores a digital contract certificate linked to a charging service agreement. When the vehicle connects to an ISO 15118-compatible charger, it establishes secure communication with the EVSE and presents the relevant certificate. The charger or backend system then validates the certificate and authorizes the session.<\/p>\n<p>From the driver\u2019s point of view, the process is simple: park, plug in, and start charging.<\/p>\n<p>From the system\u2019s point of view, the process depends on coordination between the vehicle, charger, certificate service, charging backend, payment system, and service provider. If one part of that chain is missing, Plug &amp; Charge may not work as expected.<\/p>\n<p>This is why Plug &amp; Charge is easy to understand but harder to deploy consistently. A vehicle that supports ISO 15118 will not automatically work with Plug &amp; Charge on every charging network. Charger hardware, backend systems, certificate infrastructure, and service provider relationships must also match.<\/p>\n<div id=\"iso-15118-20-v2g\" class=\"anchor-target\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">How ISO 15118-20 Relates to V2G<\/h2>\n<p>ISO 15118-20 is one of the most important parts of the ISO 15118 family because it supports more advanced smart charging and bidirectional power transfer.<\/p>\n<p>V2G stands for Vehicle-to-Grid. It means an EV can do more than draw electricity from the grid. Under the right conditions, it can also send energy back to a home, building, microgrid, or public grid.<\/p>\n<p>From an energy system perspective, this is attractive.<\/p>\n<p>When electricity is cheaper, renewable generation is abundant, or grid load is low, vehicles can charge. When the grid is under pressure or electricity prices are higher, vehicles can reduce charging or potentially discharge energy.<\/p>\n<p>If many EVs are connected to the grid in the future, they could become distributed energy resources. This has potential value for grid balancing, renewable energy integration, commercial energy management, and fleet operations.<\/p>\n<p>However, it is important to stay practical. ISO 15118-20 is only one communication foundation for V2G. A real V2G deployment also needs bidirectional charging hardware, vehicle battery and inverter support, grid interconnection rules, metering, regulation, and settlement mechanisms.<\/p>\n<p>This is why a product labeled V2G-ready does not necessarily mean the driver can sell electricity back to the grid immediately. In many cases, it only means the equipment or system has some of the technical foundation for future expansion.<\/p>\n<p>For charging operators and equipment manufacturers, the better way to view ISO 15118-20 is as a long-term capability. It should not be treated as an immediate revenue guarantee unless the broader V2G ecosystem is also in place.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">ISO 15118 vs. OCPP: What Is the Difference?<\/h2>\n<p>ISO 15118 and OCPP are often mentioned together, but they handle different parts of the charging system.<\/p>\n<p>ISO 15118 is mainly used for communication between the EV and the charger.<\/p>\n<p>OCPP is mainly used for communication between the charger and the CSMS backend.<\/p>\n<p>In other words, ISO 15118 answers how the vehicle and EVSE communicate. OCPP answers how the EVSE and backend platform communicate.<\/p>\n<p>In a real charging system, both often need to work together. The vehicle uses ISO 15118 to negotiate the charging session with the charger. The charger then uses OCPP to communicate with the backend for authorization, transaction records, status reporting, certificate management, and remote control.<\/p>\n<p>For charger firmware teams, ISO 15118 is a core topic. For CSMS platform teams, OCPP is usually the central protocol. For companies building end-to-end charging solutions, both need to be considered together.<\/p>\n<p>OCPP 2.0.1 improved support for smart charging, security, and ISO 15118-related certificate workflows. OCPP 2.1 goes further by adding more capabilities related to distributed energy resources and V2G, making it better suited for future bidirectional charging scenarios.<\/p>\n<div id=\"iso-15118-security\" class=\"anchor-target\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">Where ISO 15118 Security Becomes Difficult<\/h2>\n<p>ISO 15118 does not only improve charging convenience. It also raises the security expectations for EV charging systems.<\/p>\n<p>The core of Plug &amp; Charge is not simply that the driver plugs in and charging starts. The vehicle needs to prove, through a digital certificate, that it has a valid charging service contract. The system then needs to verify that the certificate is trusted, the contract is valid, and the charging session should be authorized.<\/p>\n<p>This mechanism can reduce the risk of vehicle impersonation, charger impersonation, and transaction tampering.<\/p>\n<p>However, it also creates new deployment challenges. Charging network operators need to manage PKI, certificate installation, certificate renewal, certificate revocation, backend interfaces, and trust relationships between service providers.<\/p>\n<p>From an operational perspective, the difficult part of ISO 15118 is often not a single protocol parser. The harder question is whether the whole ecosystem can work together. Vehicles, chargers, backend systems, certificate services, and operators all need to coordinate before users can get a stable Plug &amp; Charge experience.<\/p>\n<div id=\"deploying-iso-15118\" class=\"anchor-target\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">What Operators Should Check Before Deploying ISO 15118<\/h2>\n<p>Many articles explain what ISO 15118 is or how Plug &amp; Charge works. For teams preparing to deploy charging infrastructure, the more practical question is whether the system is ready for real operation.<\/p>\n<p>First, check whether the charging equipment truly supports the target ISO 15118 version. Supporting ISO 15118-2, ISO 15118-20, Plug &amp; Charge, and V2G-ready capabilities are not the same thing. During procurement, operators should confirm the supported protocol version, certification scope, firmware capability, and upgrade path.<\/p>\n<p>Second, check whether the CSMS backend can handle certificates and transaction workflows. Plug &amp; Charge is not only a handshake between the vehicle and charger. The backend must also participate in authorization, certificate management, transaction records, billing association, and exception handling.<\/p>\n<p>Third, check whether certificate services and partner networks are ready. Plug &amp; Charge depends on trusted certificate infrastructure. This becomes especially complex across vehicle brands, mobility service providers, and charging networks. If the certificate chain and service provider relationships are not prepared, the user may still need to fall back to app or RFID authorization.<\/p>\n<p>Fourth, check the site\u2019s operating model. Public fast charging sites, fleet depots, commercial parking facilities, destination charging locations, and heavy-duty charging sites do not all need ISO 15118 in the same way. Public sites may care more about Plug &amp; Charge and payment convenience. Fleets may care more about smart charging and load management. Future energy projects need to consider V2G, metering, and settlement earlier.<\/p>\n<p>Fifth, check maintenance and troubleshooting capability. ISO 15118 adds system capability, but it also adds diagnostic complexity. When authentication fails, a certificate expires, vehicle compatibility is inconsistent, or backend authorization times out, the operations team needs to know where the issue is happening.<\/p>\n<p>This step is easy to underestimate, but it directly affects uptime and support costs. For commercial charging networks, protocol support is only the starting point. Stable operation is what determines long-term value.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">Is ISO 15118 Mandatory?<\/h2>\n<p>ISO 15118 is not mandatory for every EV charging scenario. Many chargers can still operate without ISO 15118 by using app-based authorization, RFID cards, payment terminals, or backend authorization through OCPP.<\/p>\n<p>However, ISO 15118 is becoming more important in several markets, public funding programs, vehicle OEM requirements, and premium charging networks. When a project requires Plug &amp; Charge, advanced CCS communication, smart charging negotiation, or future V2G support, ISO 15118 can become a key requirement.<\/p>\n<p>In other words, it may not be mandatory for every charger by law, but it can become a practical entry requirement for certain business cases.<\/p>\n<p>For public fast charging networks, ISO 15118 can improve the user experience and increase compatibility with more EV models. For fleets and commercial charging sites, it can support more precise charging strategies over time. For simple AC charging applications that do not require Plug &amp; Charge, the short-term priority may be lower.<\/p>\n<p>Regulation is also moving in this direction. In Europe, AFIR is pushing charging infrastructure toward digitally connected, smart, and interoperable operation. In the United States, NEVI requirements and 23 CFR Part 680 have also raised expectations for reliability, interoperability, and open communication standards in federally funded charging infrastructure.<\/p>\n<p>This means operators should not ask only whether ISO 15118 is strictly mandatory. The better question is whether the target market, customer requirements, vehicle compatibility needs, backend capabilities, and future upgrade plans make it commercially necessary.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">Which ISO 15118 Version Offers the Best Economic Value?<\/h2>\n<p>The most economical ISO 15118 version depends on the business goal.<\/p>\n<p>If the immediate goal is Plug &amp; Charge, a better public charging experience, and a more mature deployment path, ISO 15118-2 is often the more practical choice. It is already used in many Plug &amp; Charge scenarios, and the ecosystem is easier to evaluate.<\/p>\n<p>If the project includes V2G, V2H, bidirectional power transfer, or more advanced energy management, ISO 15118-20 has stronger long-term value. It is designed for second-generation network and application layer requirements and can support more complex smart charging and bidirectional charging use cases.<\/p>\n<p>However, long-term value is not the same as short-term return. ISO 15118-20 deployments may require more capable hardware, vehicle support, backend system upgrades, grid rules, metering, and settlement capability. If those conditions are not ready, investing too early may increase costs without creating immediate revenue.<\/p>\n<p>For most charging operators, a staged approach is more practical.<\/p>\n<p>If the site mainly serves passenger EVs and public charging users, ISO 15118-2 with Plug &amp; Charge capability may deliver the clearest near-term value.<\/p>\n<p>If the site serves fleets, energy management projects, commercial campuses, or future bidirectional charging programs, it makes sense to consider an ISO 15118-20 upgrade path when purchasing new equipment.<\/p>\n<p>If the site is a basic charging application where users mainly rely on an app, RFID card, or fixed account authorization, paying extra for full ISO 15118-20 capability may not be necessary in the short term.<\/p>\n<p>The most economical choice is not always the newest version. It is the version that matches the charger hardware, vehicle base, backend system, and business model.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">Should Home Users Care Whether an EVSE Supports ISO 15118?<\/h2>\n<p>Most home users do not need to study ISO 15118 in detail. For a basic home charging setup, the most important considerations are usually charging power, connector compatibility, installation cost, safety certification, and whether the charger works well with the vehicle.<\/p>\n<p>That said, ISO 15118 may become more relevant for home charging over time, especially in markets that are moving toward smart charging and bidirectional energy services.<\/p>\n<p>For European users, it is worth paying attention to AFIR-related requirements and national implementation rules as the market moves toward digitally connected and smart charging infrastructure. If a homeowner expects to use V2H, V2G, dynamic tariffs, or more advanced energy management in the future, choosing equipment with a clear ISO 15118-20 upgrade path can be a more future-ready decision.<\/p>\n<p>For many homeowners today, ISO 15118 is not the first buying factor. But for users who want long-term flexibility, it is becoming a feature worth checking before purchase.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">Current Deployment Reality<\/h2>\n<p>The technical direction of ISO 15118 is clear, but market deployment is still uneven.<\/p>\n<p>Plug &amp; Charge has already been deployed across some EV models and charging networks. However, the experience still varies by region, vehicle brand, charging operator, backend provider, and certificate ecosystem.<\/p>\n<p>Smart charging is becoming more widely adopted, especially in fleet charging, commercial sites, and energy management applications. Operators want to use load management, time-of-use tariffs, and backend control to reduce electricity costs and improve site utilization.<\/p>\n<p>V2G is still in an early commercial stage. ISO 15118-20 provides an important communication foundation, but broad deployment also depends on lower hardware costs, clear grid rules, automaker support, and sustainable business models.<\/p>\n<p>For now, the most practical value of ISO 15118 is still concentrated in Plug &amp; Charge, secure communication, smart charging negotiation, and future expansion readiness.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading special-title\">ISO 15118 FAQ<\/h2>\n<h3>Do home users need to consider whether an EVSE supports ISO 15118?<\/h3>\n<p>For most home users, it is not the first priority today. Basic home charging can work without ISO 15118. However, users in markets such as the EU should watch regulatory updates and national implementation rules, especially if they are planning for smart charging, V2H, or V2G in the future.<\/p>\n<h3>Does ISO 15118 support mean Plug &amp; Charge will always work?<\/h3>\n<p>No. Plug &amp; Charge requires support from the vehicle, charger, charging network, backend system, certificate service, and service provider. If any part of the chain is missing, the user may still need an app, RFID card, or other authorization method.<\/p>\n<h3>Will ISO 15118-20 replace ISO 15118-2?<\/h3>\n<p>ISO 15118-20 is newer and supports more advanced smart charging and bidirectional charging scenarios. However, ISO 15118-2 is still widely relevant, especially for existing Plug &amp; Charge deployments. In the near term, both will continue to exist in the market.<\/p>\n<h3>Does V2G-ready mean the user can sell electricity back to the grid immediately?<\/h3>\n<p>No. V2G-ready may only mean that the charger or system has some hardware or protocol preparation. Real V2G operation also needs vehicle support, bidirectional charging hardware, grid rules, metering, regulation, and settlement mechanisms.<\/p>\n<h3>Is ISO 15118 important for ordinary EV drivers?<\/h3>\n<p>Drivers do not need to understand the protocol details, but they can benefit from it. If both the vehicle and charging network support Plug &amp; Charge, users can avoid extra app, card, or manual payment steps. In the future, ISO 15118-20 may also help vehicles participate in more advanced energy services.<\/p>\n<p>ISO 15118 is one of the key standards moving EV charging from basic power delivery toward automated authentication, smart negotiation, secure settlement, and grid-aware operation.<\/p>\n<p>For drivers, the most visible benefit is Plug &amp; Charge. For charging operators, EVSE manufacturers, automakers, and energy platforms, ISO 15118 is a long-term infrastructure capability. It affects interoperability, security, operations, and future V2G readiness.<\/p>\n<p>When planning charging products, charging networks, or fleet energy management systems, ISO 15118 should not be treated as just another technical checkbox. It should be evaluated together with OCPP, CSMS, certificate infrastructure, smart charging, load management, and future energy services.<\/p>\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>ISO official ISO 15118-20:2022 page:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/77845.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/77845.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Open Charge Alliance OCPP official website:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/openchargealliance.org\/protocols\/open-charge-point-protocol\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">https:\/\/openchargealliance.org\/protocols\/open-charge-point-protocol\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Wikipedia ISO 15118 page:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISO_15118\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISO_15118<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The Verge report on universal Plug and Charge:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2024\/12\/4\/24312002\/ev-plug-and-charge-universal-protocol-sae-pki-roaming\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2024\/12\/4\/24312002\/ev-plug-and-charge-universal-protocol-sae-pki-roaming<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ISO 15118 solves one of the most important communication problems in EV charging: how the vehicle and the EV charger should talk to each other before, during, and in some cases after a charging session. Before charging starts, the EV and the charging equipment need to exchange information. They may need to identify the vehicle, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,24],"tags":[],"product-features":[],"class_list":["post-2744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","category-newsblog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2744","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2744"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2744\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2755,"href":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2744\/revisions\/2755"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2744"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2744"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2744"},{"taxonomy":"xinya_product_feature","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinya-ee.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product-features?post=2744"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}